246 College of Optometry development and control of experimental variables; data collection, analysis, and interpretation; differences between qualitative and quantitative research; and specific types of clinical research (including surveys, clinical trials, evaluations, and comparisons). (3 semester hours) CVR 7500—Information Science for Clinical Research This course introduces the student to the concept of a literature review as it relates to the development of a research proposal. Students will specify a research problem and provide an appropriate review of the literature. This literature review will identify and discuss related research that sets their proposed project within a conceptual and theoretical context. Students will learn to use reference sources (both electronic and “hard copy”) available in most public and academic libraries and/ or via the Internet to locate and evaluate literature pertinent to clinical and basic vision science and basic research in related medical sciences. They will use evidence-based medicine as research in related medical sciences. Students will be expected to identify and effectively utilize all relevant information and resources in their geographical area essential to the preparation of a thorough, high-quality literature review. (3 semester hours) CVR 7600—An Introduction to Research Funding and Proposal Development This course enables students to gain an in-depth understanding of the essential components of a well-written research proposal, which addresses an identified scientific problem and the process for submitting the proposal to an agency/ organization, requesting funding support to study the problem. Students will become familiar with a number of funding sources that support vision/research projects and will learn to use a variety of resources to target potential funding sources. They will become familiar with various grant-related terminology, as well as guidelines and rules and regulations of awarding agencies. Students will be expected to come prepared to explore and discuss potential research areas they would like to study and focus on ideas about a project to address their interests. They will be able to demonstrate their understanding of the essential components of a well-written proposal through class handouts, virtual discussions, and appropriate class activities related to the required readings. (3 semester hours) CVR 7700—Presentation, Evaluation, and Publication of Clinical Vision Research This course prepares the student to effectively ask an appropriate question, organize and design a presentation, and critically analyze and disseminate clinical or basic research information. The course is composed of online lectures, discussions, and independent practice. Initially, Research Core Courses CVR 7300—Fundamentals of Biostatistics We are frequently reminded of the fact that we are living in the information age. Appropriately, this course is about information—how it is obtained, how it is analyzed, and how it is interpreted. Selection of topics in the course was guided by three considerations: (1) What are the most useful statistical methods? (2) Which statistical methods are the most widely used in journals in the behavioral and health sciences? and (3) Which statistical methods are fundamental to further study? This course requires few mathematical prerequisites. Only reasonable proficiency in algebra is required for an understanding of the concepts and methods underlying the calculations. The emphasis continues to be on an intuitive understanding of principles rather than an understanding based on mathematical sophistication. Because the course is designed for individuals preparing for, or already pursuing, a career in the health field, the examples are exercises that reflect the problems and activities that they are likely to encounter in the performance of their duties. (3 semester hours) CVR 7310—Principles of Statistical Inference The aim of this course is to enable students to appreciate the richness of statistical science and to invite them to the concept of probabilistic thinking. Statistics is the science of the future. Any technique that students are going to learn will help them to understand the unknown better, and in turn, will increase their success in other courses and in future professional careers. Principles of Statistical Inference builds upon the course Fundamentals of Biostatistics. As such, a prerequisite for enrolling in this course is satisfactory completion of Fundamentals of Biostatistics. The goals of this course are threefold: (1) introduce the basic concepts of probability and methods for calculating the probability of an event, (2) assist students in developing an understanding of probability theory and sampling distributions, and (3) familiarize students about inferences involving one or two populations, ANOVA, regression analysis, and chi-square tests. (3 semester hours) CVR 7400—Clinical Research Design This course prepares students to evaluate clinical procedures and practices from a scientific viewpoint. They will learn to identify issues requiring additional investigation and design research that efficiently and effectively addresses those issues. By the end of the course, students will prepare a first draft of a research (thesis) proposal. Topics include the underlying theory and philosophical principles of research; the conceptualization of a research problem from speculation to hypothesis generation to theory testing; the development of appropriate questions for scientific inquiry; identification of populations for study, including control groups; the M.S. in Clinical Vision Research Graduate Program Course Descriptions
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